M30 Apoptosense® ELISA(Prod. No. 10010) |
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| M30 Apoptosense® ELISA is a unique tool for reliable and reproducible quantitative detection of apoptosis of keratin 18 (K18) positive cells. The assay is intended for patient sera. Another useful application is the detection of tumor apoptosis in mouse xenograft models using plasma samples. M30 Apoptosense® ELISA is an assay based on the M30 monoclonal antibody (Leers et al., 1999). This antibody specifically binds caspase-cleaved keratin 18 (ccK18, caspase-celaved cytokeratin 18, ccCK18 or K18-Asp396) but does not bind native, uncleaved, K18. The M30 Apoptosense® ELISA therefore represents a specific quantitative test for apoptosis in epithelial cells (Hägg et al. 2002). All reagents are provided in a convenient ready-for-use format. The separable strips provide the flexibility for your experimental design. |
Monitoring cancer treatment
The most frequent forms of cancer in humans are the lung, breast, prostate and colon carcinomas. These tumors all arise from simple epithelial cells and express K18. During apoptosis of carcinoma cells induced by cancer therapy, K18 is cleaved and subsequently released to the extracellular environment and into the blood. In contrast, chemotherapy-induced apoptosis of other cell types such as lymphoid cells will not generate K18 cleavage products. Caspase-cleaved CK18 is therefore an ideal biomarker for monitoring apoptosis of carcinoma cells in blood. Recent studies have indeed showed increased levels of caspase-cleaved K18 (ccK18, K18Asp396-NE or M30 neo-epitope) in sera from cancer patients subjected to different treatment modalities (Kramer et al., 2004; Kramer et al., 2006). These increases are associated with clinical response to treatment (Hägg Olofsson et al., 2007).
Liver disease
Liver cells express K18. During different forms of liver disease that involve apoptosis, K18 is cleaved resulting in exposure of the M30-epitope in tissue (Bantel et al. 2001). Increases in soluble caspase-cleaved K18-Asp396 fragments have been demonstrated in the circulation of patients with different types of liver diseases, including hepatitic C virus infection (Bantel et al. 2004) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (Wieckowska et al. 2006). The application of the M30 Apoptosense® assay as a non-invasive marker of steatohepatitis has large medical applications (see Comment Hepatology. 2007 Feb;45(2):545).
Other Applications
Many other diseases involve cell death by apoptosis, too. Recent research has shown that infections of hantavirus lead to increased values in the M30 Apoptosense® ELISA (Klingström et al., 2006). Also for sepsis correlation with this test has been shown (Roth et al., 2004).The M30 Apoptosense® ELISA has also been used to monitor transplantation patients (Luft et al., 2007) and in clinical trials for drugs on Human Liver Preservation Injury (Baskin‑Bey et al., 2007).
M30 Apoptosense® ELISA is CE approved
The M30 Apoptosense® ELISA assay is registered as a medical device for in vitro diagnostic use in accordance with the CE-IVD directive.
